This is a view
looking down on a bedding surface in sandstone. The dark, elongate
objects are concretions formed mainly of siderite (ferrous carbonate).
They appear to have formed around roots in a palaeosol below a coal
seam, and are termed rhizocretions. Some define originally
horizontal roots parallel to the bedding surface; others represent
shorter vertical roots.
What does the
presence of siderite indicate about the chemical environment in the
sediment at the time the concretions were formed?
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